MLU-EXPLAIN

Visual explanations of core machine learning concepts


Machine Learning University (MLU) is an education initiative from Amazon designed to teach machine learning theory and practical application.

As part of that goal, MLU-Explain exists to teach important machine learning concepts through visual essays in a fun, informative, and accessible manner.

MLU Robot Deriving Beta Coefficient For Least Squares on Whiteboard

Explore Published Articles...



Equality of Odds Article Image (A Scatterplot on the left with a decision boundary corresponding to a stacked column chart on the right).

Equality of Odds

Explore equality of odds, a metric used to quantify unfairness and remove bias from machine learning models.

Cross-Validation Article Image.

Cross-Validation

K-Fold Cross-Validation: a resampling technique to help improve estimates of test error rates compared to a simple validation set.

Precision Recall Article Image (Beeswarm Plot).

Precision & Recall

When it comes to evaluating classification models, accuracy is often a poor metric. This article covers two common alternatives, Precision and Recall, as well as the F1-score and Confusion Matrices.

Decision Tree Title Image

Random Forest

Learn how the majority vote and well-placed randomness can extend the decision tree model to one of machine learning's most widely-used algorithms, the Random Forest.

Decision Tree Title Image

Decision Trees

Explore one of machine learning's most popular supervised algorithms: the Decision Tree. Learn how the tree makes its splits, the concepts of Entropy and Information Gain, and why going too deep is problematic.

Bias Variance Title Image

The Bias Variance Tradeoff

Understand the tradeoff between under- and over-fitting models, how it relates to bias and variance, and explore interactive examples related to LOESS and KNN.

Double Descent Title Image

Double Descent: A Visual Introduction

Meet the double descent phenomenon in modern machine learning: what it is, how it relates to the bias-variance tradeoff, the importance of the interpolation regime, and a theory of what lies behind.